School Meals for All Nigerian Primary School children? Yes, Please.

A couple of years ago I wrote an article explaining what I felt was a real risk to Nigeria’s national interest due to the growing trend of 10.5 million school age children being out of school.[1] The article concluded
that the country was sitting on a “ticking time bomb” that could explode with catastrophic consequences for all Nigerians, if this trend was not addressed quickly. I suggested some options to mitigate this risk,
including the introduction of a national primary school meal program.

Since the publication of the article, and during the run-up to the recent Nigerian general election, the All Progressives Congress party (“APC”) made a pledge in their manifesto to introduce free daily school meals for
all primary school children. [2] This was a timely and needed pledge. Now that the APC has been given the national mandate, the newly-elected government should proceed to deliver on this promise and put in place the
legal and administrative framework to effectively implement a school meal policy.

The policy and its benefits:
A good start would be to adopt Article 24 of the Convention on the Rights
of the Child[3] and legislate for the provision of “adequate nutritious
foods” for all children in state funded primary schools. I suggest this
is made a constitutional provision. Setting the policy within a
constitutional legal framework will strengthen its delivery across the
entire nation.[4] It is also suggested the government sets up a joint
cross-departmental task force comprising officials from the Ministries of
Agriculture, Education, Health, and Finance to implement this policy and
monitor food quality and compliance.

Implementing this policy can benefit several sectors in Nigeria. For example, it could benefit the health sector by improving child nutrition and reducing the chance of our children falling ill. The education sector
could benefit by (a) Increasing school enrolment rates; (b) Improving attendance at school; (c) Increasing concentration in class, and arguably, improving children’s learning outcomes. As a result, learning and teaching will become easier and more rewarding. Also, our local economic activities across the nation may expand due new local jobs created (as a direct result of this national policy) in the agricultural, construction,
transport and catering sectors.

Critics of the school meal policy may argue about the huge implementation costs. They have a good point. After all, it is an ambitious project that will require a huge financial commitment from the government. New
cooking facilities in the numerous schools will need to be built, and cooking and eating utensils purchased in large numbers across the entire nation. Also, there are operational costs such as providing a regular
supply of water, food ingredients and fuel to cook these meals. In addition, the salaries of catering staff and farmers, the costs of transportation of food materials, and costs of monitoring food quality
will also need to be covered.

However, if implemented properly, this is an investment in our nation’s future, which in the long run will yield dividends for all Nigerians, directly or indirectly. Nigeria’s children are the country’s most
important asset. And providing primary school healthy meals for all children will go a long way to protect and sustain this asset. After all, of what good is the natural economic resources our country has if our
emerging labour force is not healthy and sufficiently educated to exploit
its benefits for the country’s development? Therefore, a national school
meal policy should carry an equal or even higher weighting amongst the
competing demands on government expenditure.

To help reduce costs, free school meals can be provided only to children from the poorest families, whilst at a subsidized price to children from non-poor families. Clearly a system will need to be adopted that fairly
assess who qualifies for free meals and who receives it at a subsidized rate. But this administrative hurdle is not insurmountable if there is political will and the legal framework is in place. Also, international
organisations exist who can provide technical assistance for sustainable and effective implementation of this programme.[5] Furthermore, there are best practices and models in other countries that our policy makers can
understudy to develop this programme and learn how costs were managed.

When I was in primary school in the 1970s in England, hot school meals were provided daily for every school child.[6] I have fond memories of those meals and I’m sure they helped me concentrate better in class and
participate actively in school activities including sports. School lunch was an integral part of the school day. When we sat down to eat with fellow children and teachers it cemented relationships and helped us
develop social skills. The UK Government still has this policy.

Millions of school children in Asia, Europe and the Americas also enjoy school meals where their governments promote these policies. Even countries with bigger populations than Nigeria implement school meal
policies. For example, India’s Midday Meal Scheme provides free lunches to 120 million Indian children every school day.[7] The USA provides low-cost or free lunches to more than 31 million U.S. children each school
day.[8] In 2013 Brazil provided school meals for 45 million students every school day and has been running this program for over 50 years.[9] Encouragingly, three states in Nigeria, Osun, Enugu and Anambra, have
introduced school meals in their public primary schools.[10] The challenge is to extend this policy nationwide.

Every year I travel to my village in Delta State to volunteer teaching and
distribute essential educational materials to poor primary school
children. There is no doubt in my mind that the children are keen to
learn. They enjoy reading the story books and colourful educational
posters I bring from London. Some of the children walk for miles in all
weather conditions, just to get to school. But their learning environment
is nowhere near conducive. The school I visit does not provide school
meals, and does not even have pipe-born running water or electricity. The
difficulties of learning when one is hungry and tired are well known.
Yet, these children are expected to concentrate and learn at school.
Their experience is similar to millions of other children in Nigeria. The
majority of Nigerian school children are missing out on a healthy start in
life simply because of where they were born. It is not their fault, and
it is not fair. Every Nigerian child deserves the same healthy start as
children born in Asia, the Americas and Europe. After all, no one chooses
where they are born.

To maximise the benefits of providing healthy meals in our primary
schools, government at all levels (federal, state and local), should
combine this policy with:
(a) Continuous investment in teacher competence;
(b) Adequate provision of books and learning materials,
(c) Involvement of the voluntary sector;
(d) Free annual medical health checks for every school child, and
(e) Maintaining and upgrading learning education facilities.
Collectively, these can form the foundation of a Nigerian “New Deal”
education policy.

Conclusion:
If we take a long-term view and implement a national school meal policy
properly, I believe the standard of education both offered and received
will gradually improve. Every Nigerian child would have a healthy start
in life and a fairer opportunity to fulfil their potential for themselves,
their families, and the nation. Also, the positive domino effect on our
local economies as a result of the investment in this policy would lead to
further economic growth in our local communities.

Ultimately, as a consequence of this policy, in the near future a Nigerian
healthy, educated work force will emerge which is better equipped to
sustain our long term economic development. When this happens, I am
confident we will eventually defuse the ticking time bomb that is
currently threatening Nigeria’s national interest.

Credit : POINTBLANK NEWS